THE INFLUENCE OF LIPID METABOLISM GENES AND THE AGE OF THE FIRST CALVING ON THE DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF TATARSTAN-TYPE COWS
DOI 10.12737/2782-490X-2023-52-57 УДК 636.082:577.21
Keywords:
cow, age of the first calving, milk productivity, OLR1, DGAT1, LEP geneAbstract
Identification of the optimal age of the first calving for cows of a particular herd allows them to be
operated more efficiently for a long time. The optimal age of the first calving of cows is an indirect criterion for early
prediction of dairy productivity and indicators of lifetime use of cows. In this regard, the aim of the research was to study
the influence of the age of the first calving on the indicators of dairy productivity of Tatarstan-type cows with different
genotypes by lipid metabolism genes (OLR1, DGAT1, LEP). The research was carried out on 79 first-class heifers of the
Tatarstan type in the conditions of the agricultural company "Agrofirma Rassvet" of the Kukmorsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. Genotypes of lipid metabolism genes in animals were determined by molecular genetic methods, namely:
PCR-RFLP analysis (OLR1, DGAT1) and AS-PCR analysis (LEP). The analysis of the complex effect of the age of the first
calving and the genotypes of the genes of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (OLR1), diacylglycerol-O-acyltransferase
(DGAT1) and leptin (LEP) on the manifestation of milk productivity (yield, mass fraction of fat and protein in milk, milk
fat and protein yield) of cows of the Tatarstan type was carried out. Studies have shown that with an increase in the age of
the first calving to 24.1-26.0 months, 26.1 months and more, Tatarstan-type cows with the genotypes OLR1/AC,
OLR1/CC, DGAT1/AK, DGAT1/AA, LEP/CC and LEP/CT increased milk productivity (yield, milk fat and protein).
The opposite trend was typical for individuals with the LEP/TT genotype, in which the animals with the lowest age of the
first calving (up to 24.0 months) had the highest milk productivity.
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